• Nick Crofts,
  LEPH2018 Conference Director & Director, Centre for Law Enforcement and Public Health

SPEAKERS:

• Nick Crofts, see above
  Welcome to the LEPH2018 Conference
• Howard Sapers
  Independent Advisor on Corrections Reform, Ontario, Canada
  Prison health IS public health PPT
• Charles H Ramsey
  Philadelphia Police Commissioner, USA (ret)
  Police, crisis intervention and officer well being
• Shannon Cosgrove
  Director of Health Policy at Cure Violence, USA
  Health at the center of violence prevention

The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model was developed 30 years ago in Memphis, Tennessee.  There is now a growing body of research evidence on it’s effectiveness. However, there remains some confusion about the model. This session will discuss the core elements of the CIT model and what is meant by “more than just training.” Community collaboration, a responsive mental health system and the specialized CIT officer role will be covered.

Working in partnership is essential if we are to address the ‘causes of the causes’ which lead people into contact with the police. This session will discuss work in England to develop and implement a national consensus agreement between policing and health partners; and present an example of a multi-agency offender diversion scheme.

Health and criminal justice systems frequently encounter people experiencing communication difficulties. Understanding the health/police intersect in support of people experiencing communication problems has become critical in the provision of timely and appropriately risk assessment and safeguarding interventions.

1. Amy Watson,
   University of Illinois Chicago, USA
   CIT – the evidence to date
2. Don Kamin,
   Institute for Police, Mental Health & Community Collaboration, USA & 
   Pat Strode,
   Georgia Public Safety Training Center, USA
   Perspectives on developing and implementing CIT programs – collaboration is key
3. Ron Bruno,
   CIT Utah, USA
   The core elements of the CIT model – the “More” explained and why it matters
4. Thomas Vonhemert,
   CIT International, USA
   The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Model: what have we learned after 30 years

1. Justin Srivastava,
   Lancashire Police, UK
   and
   Helen Christmas,
   Public Health England
   Developing a partnership approach between health and policing in England
2. Kevin Weir,
   and
   Gillian Routledge,
   Durham Constabulary, UK
   Durham Police approach to health based issues within the criminal justice system

1. Lesslie Young,
   Epilepsy Scotland
   Crime Seen?
2. Nathan Hughes,
   University of Sheffield, UK
   The discrimination and criminalisation of childhood neurodevelopmental impairment PPT

Global initiatives across the fields of policing and public health are forging new pathways to treatment and social support for people following police encounters with vulnerable populations. An increased focus on police encounters when neither arrest nor hospital transportation, nor taking no action serve as appropriate pathways to enhanced public health and public safety. The panel will examine theoretical, empirical and policy foundations of such initiatives, with a focus on the US.

Epidemiological Criminology is an emerging paradigm, model, theory, and discipline for a new type of interdisciplinary scientist, practitioner, and student. Epidemiological Criminology can serve as an emerging theory for the study of gangs, substance abuse, and law enforcement, among other issues.

The history of humankind is replete with technological innovations that were supposed to solve all of our problems. The session will focus on understanding the limits, benefits and risks that technology can bring to those at the frontlines of law enforcement and public heath, conscious of the human propensity to hope for and seek easy answers to complex human and organizational challenges with complicated but seemingly easy to use technology.

Session supported by Motorola Solutions

1. Jennifer Wood,
   Temple University, USA
   Why ‘deflection’ matters: Frontline experiences of Chicago police in managing the family and community contexts of mental health encounters
2. Amy Watson,
   University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
   Why ‘deflection’ matters-Part II: Places, encounter characteristics and outcomes of police encounters with persons with mental illnesses in Chicago PPT
3. Jac Charlier,
   Center for Health and Justice at TASC, USA
   Police and treatment: Fighting crime and saving lives together in the U.S. PPT

1. Paul Archibald,
   Morgan State University, USA
   Development of the Behavioral-Biomedical Law Enforcement Stress Discordance Model (B2LESD): an epidemiological criminology framework
2. Jennifer Reingle Gonzalez,
   University of Texas Southwestern, USA
   Does military veteran status and deployment history impact officer involved shootings? A case-control study
3. Roberto Hugh Potter,
   University of Central Florida, USA
   Epidemiological Criminology and Behavioral Health: an examination of the intersections of Behavioral Health Burden and Criminogenic Risk in a Florida county
4. Shelby Scott,
   University of Tennessee, USA
   Handguns and Hotspots: spatio-temporal modeling of gun crime in Chicago
5. Stacy Smith,
   Morgan State University, USA
   Hybrid-gang family structure: a secondary data analysis of National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence II, 1993-2012, using an Epidemiological Criminology Framework
6. Guy Lamb,
   University of Capetown, South Africa
   The policing of firearm controls and the reduction of firearm homicides in South Africa     

1. Robert Ridge,
   Medicalert, Canada
2. Ron Anderson,
   Saskatchewan Ministry of Justice, Canada
3. Ritesh Kotak,
   University of Edinburgh, Scotland
4. Matthew Swarney,
   Motorola Solutions Canada

1. Leo Beletsky,
   Northeastern University, USA
2. Akwasi Owusu-Bempah,
   University of Toronto, Canada

The 21^st century has ushered in an era of rapid transformation in the landscape of cannabis regulation throughout the world. This transformation has proceeded with limited input of diverse perspectives and considerations, largely without addressing cascades of individual and structural harms resulting from decades of cannabis prohibition policies and their enforcement.

This session will identify the gaps in existing reform efforts, highlight promising initiatives that have engaged cannabis reform to pursue racial and social objectives, and outline an agenda to re-envision drug policy reform from a public health perspective.

1. Myra James,
   International Association of Women Police, Canada
   Presentation title to be advised
2. Shehela Pervin
   Dhaka Police, Bangladesh
   Women in policing: A Bangladesh perspective  

Many services and occupations are designed with a default to suit conditions for men. The needs of women as employees of law enforcement organisations have become an important focus to achieve gender equality. This session will explore ways that access to justice must be advanced with consideration to gender and how the inclusion of women in law enforcement institutions contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal No. 5 regarding gender equality.

Violence has many faces and multiple impacts; its root causes and effects demand joint responses from multiple sectors. This session illustrates a range of these complex issues and some possible responses.

The session will focus on mental health promotion and prevention; national research and findings from the Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment (CIPSRT) and the National Plan of Action to improve the lives of the front line; identifying and overcoming barriers to care; intervention and employer best practice guidelines and the Canadian Police Association’s Current and Future Vision.

Abortion is a common but stigmatized health service: nearly every country has laws restricting abortion those with liberal laws have challenges with implementation due to stigma. Laws on abortion carry criminal penalties, creating legal risks both for people who provide abortions and those who seek them. These presentations examines legal risk faced by people who end their pregnancies in Africa and the United States. We will also present research on the results of partnership with law enforcement, which include a decrease in instances of adverse police interactions between the police and abortion providers.

.

What is the role of police in young people’s use of drugs? Exploration, escape, desperation, vulnerability – these factors all call for different responses, and these responses can determine the young person’s life course.

The difficulties policing experiences with people with mental health issues illustrate the inadequacy of communities’ understandings of mental health issues, and create dangers for all involved. We need a better understanding on which to build humane and effective practice.

1. Shahala Pervin,
   Bangladesh Police
   Vicious cycle of violence against women: prosecution, prevention and protection in Bangladesh PPT
2. Armita Adily,
   Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia 
   Use of text mining of the police event narratives in identifying mentions of mental illness among those involved in family and domestic violence 
3. Lyndel Bates,
   Griffith University, Australia
   Assault-related traumatic brain injuries: factors related to stress, depression and anxiety PPT
4. Matty de Wit.
   Public Health Amsterdam.
   Childhood adversity and self-sufficiency problems in early adulthood among violent repeat offenders PPT
5. Joachim Kersten,
   IMPRODOVA,
   Horizon2020 EU research on first responder cooperation re high impact domestic violence PPT
6. Stephanie Waddell,
   Early Intervention Foundation, UK
   The role of early intervention in preventing violence PPT

1. Katy Kamkar,
   Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada
   Employer best practice guidelines and disability management
2. Nick Carleton,
   University of Regina, Canada
   Mental health among Canadian public safety personnel: a brief overview of contemporary research
3. Steve Palmer,
   University of Regina, Canada
   Building a network of academics and police organizations to address front line mental health PPT
4. Greg Anderson,
   Justice Institute of British Columbia, Canada
   Police officer stress and mental health PPT
5. Tom Stamatakis,
   Canadian Police Association
   The mental health of police personnel should be recognized as a ‘mission critical’ priority

1. Farah Diaz-Tello,
   SIA Legal Team, USA
   Putting the myth of protecting pregnant people to rest: understanding the public health threat of criminalizing abortion
2. Samuel Otu-Nyarko,
   Ghana Police Service
   Partnering with police to improve abortion care in Ghana
3. Emmanual Chijioke Sonny Ojukwu,
   Chief of Police (Ret), Nigeria
   Ipas intervention with the police force in Nigeria
4. Msipu Phiri T,
   Police Health Services, Zambia
   An evaluation of reproductive rights training for police officers in Zambia

1. Morgana Daniele,
   Youth RISE, USA
   Human rights, young people and policing across the world: what can we learn? PPT
2. Florian Scheibein,
   Youth RISE, USA
   Policing young people’s engagement in high risk drug use PPT
3. Peter Muyshondt,
   Anyone’s Child/Local Police, Belgium
   The impact of policing on vulnerable groups PPT
4. Alissa Greer,
   Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research
   Youth who use drugs and perceptions of police across three communities in British Columbia, Canada PPT

5. Monique Marks,
   Urban Futures Centre, Durban University of Technology, South Africa
   “We cannot allow children to take drugs freely”: contemporary moral panics about drug treatment in Durban, South Africa

1. John McDaniel,
   University of Wolverhampton, UK
   Deconstructing the mental health dimensions of community-oriented policing PPT

2. Herberth Canas,
   Sick Kids Centre for Community Mental Health, Canada
   and
   Maria Liegghio,
   York University, Canada.    Preliminary findings of a qualitative study exploring police encounters in child and adolescent mental health PPT

3. Nabila Zohora Chowdhury,
   University of New South Wales, Australia
   The relationship between psychoses and offending in New South Wales – a data-linkage study
4. Nadine Dougall,
   Care pathways related to Scottish Ambulance Service contacts for people with psychiatric or self-harm  emergencies PPT
5. Sara Jacoby,
   University of Pennsylvania, USA
   An evaluation of costs and benefits of pre-hospital transport by police for urban trauma patients PPT

Each presentation or activity will be of 45 minutes duration. Marketplace of Ideas sessions will be smaller groups and should be highly interactive. MoI sessions are not the place for lengthy oral presentations but are opportunities to explore a particular issue or project in more depth.

Culturally-competent response to perpetrators of intimate partner violence

This session targets stakeholders who are working to address intimate partner violence, sexual assault and violence against women from a cross-cultural, interdisciplinary evidence-based platform. Discussions will occur surrounding the unique difficulties in providing services in developing and/or remote locations, cultural competency in professionals and treatment modalities as well as resource development.

DISCUSSANT: Commander Stuart Bateson, Victoria Police, Australia

How quickly do we look at LEPH incidents worldwide and answer (or hear) “police need more training” on those issues? This session challenges several ideas as to the role of police and other agencies in the management of those incidents. An incident of police brutality towards a disabled pensioner in Australia is highlighted. We cannot ‘make the same mistakes again, except better’, or ‘doing the wrong thing, righter’. From a recent article by Michael Brown and opinion piece by Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron the facilitators will lead a discussion of the prevention of, and management of the aftermath of such incidents.

LEPH2018 Respectful Relationships Maryborough Education Centre PPT

In 2012 South Wales police set reducing violent crime as a top priority. The effects of violence on individuals are widespread causing poor health and well-being while under-reporting violent crime. This session will demonstrate the project that is an example of effective multi agency working that has successfully helped to develop a better understanding of violence across South Wales and demonstrating the value of sharing data and resources across agencies. The residence of victims and perpetrators of assault were mapped, helping agencies target resources at communities most at risk, tackling the root causes of violence.

Resilience, Rights and Respectful Relationships Education is the holistic approach to school based, primary prevention of gender based violence. The 2015 Australian Royal Commission into Family Violence identified the importance of the education system as a catalyst for generational and cultural change. Two year 11 students from Maryborough Education Centre will explain how a culture of respect and equality has been created across their entire Maryborough community, from their classroom to staffroom, sporting field, public transport, workplace and social events.

Surrey, like many other Canadian cities, is grappling with a deadly overdose epidemic, homelessness and many individuals living with mental ill-health. In 2017, the Surrey Outreach Team (SOT) was initiated by the Surrey RCMP to support approximately 130 vulnerable individuals living in 90 tents in the city core to respond to the health, social and public safety needs of vulnerable individuals. Through this initiative, intersectoral partners collaborated in a strategic and integrated fashion.

This session will familiarize participants with the structures, successes of, and lessons learned in the HIDTA/CDC Heroin Response Strategy, the largest federally funded law enforcement/public health collaboration in the U.S., which is dedicated to combating the current opioid crisis. In particular, this session will highlight findings from new research and intervention efforts that allow law enforcement officers and correctional entities to incorporate public health approaches in their work as it touches the opioid epidemic.

Incarceration is unhealthy in itself and creates unhealthy conditions; insofar as it is necessary, how can these be ameliorated?

Members of marginalised communities are at increased risk of multiple health threats; law enforcement actions can ameliorate or exacerbate these risks.

Incidents involving people with disturbed behaviour have risen substantially in the Netherlands and police spend 20% of their time on this problem. There is a shared sense of urgency among partners and politics. It is unanimously believed that the current approach is not always in the interest of the patient.

The current approach is characterized by great attention to crises, less attention to the preventive side. A sturdy chain approach is essential for a sustainable solution. The police can play a facilitating – rather than leading – role in getting parties around the table.

1. Shovita Padhi,
   Fraser Health Authority, Canada
   The Public Health/Health Authority’s perspective
2. Mark Griffioen,
   City of Surrey, Canada
   The Surrey Fire perspective
3. Keir Macdonald,
   Lookout Housing and Health Society, Canada
    The Lookout Society’s perspective
4. Wendy Mehat, 
   Royal Canadian Mounted Police
   The RCMP perspective
5. Galib Bhayani,
   City of Surrey, Canada
   The City of Surrey perspective

1. Rita Noonan,
   Centers for Disease Controls and Prevention, USA
   The heroin response strategy: a new approach for collaboration between federal law enforcement and public health entities in the U.S.
2. Jennifer Carroll,
   Centers for Disease Controls and Prevention, USA
   A comprehensive assessment of 911 Good Samaritan Laws in 20 states: attitudes, implementation, and effect
3. Joan Papp,
   MetroHealth System, Ohio, USA
   Increasing access to medication assisted treatment in Cuyahoga County Corrections Centre
4. Traci Green,
   Boston University and Brown University Schools of Medicine, USA
   Public health and public safety in action: detecting Fentanyl in street drugs using Fentanyl testing strips and portable machines

1. Nasrul Ismail,
   University of the West of England
   Impact of macroeconomic austerity on prisoner health in England: a qualitative study involving international policymakers
2. Sheila Lindner,
   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
   Health care for persons deprived of liberty: experience of distance education in Brazil PPT
3. Kate McLeod,
   University of British Columbia, Canada
   Transforming governance of healthcare in British Columbia’s correctional facilities PPT
4. Rai Reece,
   Humber College, Canada
   The need for dialogue: Correctional officers and prison based needle and syringe programs PPT

1. Thomas Ndeogo,
   Ghana Police Service
   Enforcing the laws on public morality against key populations: the dilemma of the Ghana police service  PPT
2. Bronwen Lichtenstein,
   University of Alabama, USA
   Big Stakes, High Payoff?  HIV and Hepatitis C education, testing, and referrals at the Parole Office
3. Melanie Simpson,
   University of New South Wales, Australia
   Knowledge and awareness of new treatments for hepatitis C among Australian prison entrants PPT
4. Katie Hail-Jares,
   Griffith Criminology Institute, Australia
   Pace of neighborhood change and residents’ willingness to call police in response to street-based sex work PPT

1. Pieter-Jaap Aalbersberg,
   Chief Police Officer, Amsterdam
   The Dutch approach: towards a sustainable solution for people with disturbed behaviour
2. Brenda van Middelkoop,
   Senior Community Policing Officer, The Netherlands
   Sarah Voss & Esther Pullen, Neighbourhood Public Health Professionals, The Netherlands
   Cooperation between the Public Health Service (PHS), police and other partners in Vught, Netherlands
3. Jurriën Zondervan,
   Police Liaison Officer Mental Health, The Netherlands &
   Claire Morssink,
   Cluster Manager Public Health, The Netherlands
   The SQT approach
4. Joris van ’t Hof,
   Police Liaison Officer Mental Health, The Netherlands &
   Bauke Koekkoek,
   University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands
   Solid and steady support by both mental health and police staff works for ‘difficult’ people
5. Jeroen Zoeteman,  Spoedeisende Psychiatrie Amsterdam &
   Henk van Dijk,
   Dutch Police Service
   Confused suspects: a pilot study of data exchange between police, public prosecutor and mental health care in crisis situations in Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Each presentation or activity will be of 45 minutes duration. Marketplace of Ideas sessions will be smaller groups and should be highly interactive. MoI sessions are not the place for lengthy oral presentations but are opportunities to explore a particular issue or project in more depth.

With new Canadian research reporting soaring rates of mental health concerns amongst public safety personnel (PSP) (Carleton et al., 2017), the government of Canada mandated the development of a National Action Plan to address this pressing issue. Using the mental health continuum to guide the allocation of resources, Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences brings mental health and research expertise to support a collaboration with Durham Region Police Service to work together to co-design a guide for mental health.

Toronto South Detention Centre is the largest remand facility in Canada.  At capacity (1620), nearly 200 men will be released weekly.  Most have complex health needs/substance use issues with few local resources.  A unique reintegration centre, located across from the jail, is designed to improve health outcomes and address social determinants of health for these men and hence reduce the likelihood of recidivism and overdoses while enhancing access to primary care, housing and harm reduction services.

Youth RISE is an international NGO that represents the interests of young people who use drugs. ‘Law Enforcement and Drugs’ is one of the organisation’s strategic objectives with projects in Ireland, Czech Republic, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Pakistan and Nepal. These projects center on themes like access to harm reduction services, festival/nightlife harm reduction and key affected populations. Outcomes will include various products developed in consultation with all key players, including police.

This session will describe the origin, operation and outcomes of the Advocates pre-arrest Co-Responder Jail Diversion Program in Massachusetts. This innovative model pairs mental health professionals with police officers in ‘ride-alongs’ to co-respond to 911 calls involving people in crisis. The objective is to de-escalate, stabilise and address mental health or substance use needs. It resulted in reduced arrests, reduced unnecessary transport to emergency departments and increased police officer confidence and compassion.

Geraldine Strathdee, National Health Service, UK

SPEAKERS:

• Oscar Alleyne
  Senior Advisor, Public Health Programs, National Association of County and City Health Officials, USA
  Healthy equals: practice lessons in partnership, policy and community engagement
• Grant Edwards
  Commander, Australian Federal Police
  The cost of being a cop: police wellbeing and resilience PPT
• Harold Johnson
  Crown Prosecutor, Treaty 6 Territory, Canada
  The role of law enforcement and public health collaborations in addressing alcohol-related issues in Indigenous communities

Improved understanding of police vulnerability demand has led to a collaborative Public Health approach to policing in Wales, where a multi-agency Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) informed approach is the basis for “early intervention and prompt positive action” and root cause prevention.

The session will present an overview incorporating evidence from the Welsh ACE study used as background for this project; various research findings that supported its development into a national Welsh programme by using a public health upstream trauma-informed approach to understanding vulnerability, reducing harm and crime.

Two Indigenous communities seeking opportunities for improved safety, health and well-being have gone down the path of multi-sector collaboration. Through a disciplined and systematic process, Muskoday and Ochapowace service providers from the health, justice, police, education, housing, and social sectors routinely collaborate to not only detect and mitigate risk before harm occurs, but maintain collaborative case planning around the needs of individuals and families until stability is reached.

There is significant attention worldwide to providing better responses to persons with mental illnesses or experiencing mental health crises that come to the attention of law enforcement. Several models of law enforcement/mental health collaboration have been developed, with the Crisis Intervention Team and Co-Responder models being the most well-known. This panel session will include a discussion of research evidence related to the CIT and co-responder models, as well as other collaboration strategies.

1. Janine Roderick,
   Public Health Wales
   Why understanding vulnerability and a public health approach is vital to policing
2. Emma Barton,
   Public Health Wales
   Operationalising the vision: turning understanding into action
3. Michelle McManus,
   Public Health Wales
   Jo Ramessur-Williams,
   Public Health Wales
   Moving forward: National roll-out

1. Chad Nilson,
   Initiative Strategist, Living Skies Centre for Social Inquiry, Canada
2. Ava Bear,
   Health Director, Muskoday First Nation, Canada
3. Betty Watson,
   Justice Coordinator, Ochapowace Nation, Canada
4. Herman Crain,
   Band Councillor, Muskoday First Nation, Canada

1. Amy Watson,
   University of Illinois at Chicago, USA PPT
   Michael Compton,
   Columbia University, USA
   The CIT Model: can we call it evidence-based? 
2.  Melissa Morabito,
   University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
   Reviewing the co-responder approach to serving people with mental illnesses: the Boston Model PPT
3. Michael Compton,
   Columbia University, USA
   A potential new form of jail diversion and re-connection to mental health services: The Police–Mental Health Linkage System PPT
4. Stuart Thomas,
   RMIT University, Australia
   Michael  Brown,
   College of Policing, UK
   Developing a practice guideline for police for management and resolution of mental health related incidents – A report from an Expert meeting PPT

Chad Nilson & Cal Corley, Community Safety Knowledge Alliance, Canada

Innovation in human service delivery is changing driven by a desire for evidence-based funding models, clear limitations of siloed approaches to human services, and both ethical and political aspirations to simply “do better”. Across Canada, there are emerging social innovations in collaborative risk-driven intervention (e.g. Hub/Situation Tables), multi-sector coordinated support (e.g. Wraparound), and bi-sector response teams (e.g. Police-Mental Health Crisis Units), among others. But what is really happening within this movement toward community safety and well-being? To conceptualize these efforts, developmental evaluator and multi-sector collaboration specialist, Dr. Chad Nilson, will address the interconnectivity of risk, vulnerability, and harm across human service sectors, and discuss the concepts, practice, and alignment of community safety and well-being.

Peter Sloly, Lead of Deloitte’s Security and Justice Practice & past Deputy Chief, Toronto Police Service

Peter Sloly is the former Deputy Chief in the Toronto Police Service, a graduate of the FBI National Academy and has also participated in two tours of duty in the United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in Kosovo.  Peter is currently a partner at Deloitte leading the “Security & Justice” practice with the goal to help modernize and optimize Canada’s police, courts, corrections and national security agencies.  Peter also built Deloitte Canada’s Security Convergence practice which employs a multi-disciplinary, enterprise-wide methodology that enables organizations to identify, assess and address dynamic security risks across physical and cyber domains.  Peter will explore how the application of exponential technology in the justice system may result in disproportional impacts – some beneficial, some harmful and some that simply can’t be fully understood.

Of all the complex issues law enforcement must deal with, none is more complicated or complexifying than issues of mental health – and none is more demanding of collaborations.

Without healthy law enforcement, there is no healthy outcome. Given extraordinary demands, how do we measure, how do we cope, and how do we move beyond coping?

In an ideal world, people should leave contact with the justice system, including incarceration, better positioned to deal with life: why then are they at greater risk? What can be done?

Death associated with opioids has emerged – unpredictably – as one of the major current public health threats facing numerous populations, to the extent of lowering national life expectancy in the U.S. How can law enforcement partnerships contribute to the prevention and reduction of opioid harms?

Improving safety and reducing harm has been an ongoing major contribution to community safety and wellbeing from law enforcement. These are common public health triumphs led by police initiatives.

1. Matty de Wit,
   Public Health Amsterdam
   ‘Dr, your client did not pick up his prescription’: a system for pharmacists and psychiatrists to report any uncollected prescription to prevent mental health crisis and police intervention
2. Elizabeth Sinclair,
   Treatment Advocacy Center, USA
   Law Enforcement Road Runners: costs of transportation for mental illness crisis response 
3. Joris van’t Hof,
   Dutch National Police, Netherlands
   Yasmeen Krameddine,
   University of Alberta, Canada
   Crossing borders: a mental health and de-escalation training collaboration between ProTraining.com and the Dutch National Police.

4. Serina Fuller,
   London South Bank University, UK
   A threatening enquiry: the identification of crime victims’ mental health problems by police officers

5. Jennifer Chambers,
   Empowerment Council & Toronto Police Services Board Mental Health Panel, Canada
   A voice for the people on policing in Toronto

1. Jennifer Reingle Gonzalez,
   University of Texas, USA
   Real-time, objective measurements of physiological stress among law enforcement ffficers in Dallas, Texas PPT
2. Ian Hesketh,
   College of Policing, UK
   Co-producing an emergency services wellbeing strategy in the UK 
3. Jonas Hansson,
   Umeå University, Sweden
   Mind the blues: Swedish police officers’ mental health and forced deportation of unaccompanied refugee children
4. Katrina Sanders,
   Australian Federal Police
   Health in the Warm Zone: an Australian perspective

SPEAKERS:

1. Stuart Kinner,
   RMIT University, Australia
   (to be presented by Katie Hail-Jares, Griffith University, Australia)
   High risk of death in young people exposed to the youth justice system: a retrospective data linkage study PPT
2. Jesse Young,
   University of Melbourne, Australia
   Medically verified self-harm and subsequent mental health service contact in adults recently released from prison: a prospective cohort study PPT
   
3. Albert Kopak,
   Western Carolina University, USA
   Predicting risk of jail readmission with a 10-item Behavioral Health Index
4. Ruth Martin,
   University of British Columbia, Canada
   Unlocking the gates to health: peer health mentoring for women transitioning from a Canadian provincial correctional facility PPT
5. Nemesia Kelly,
   Touro University, USA
   California Exonerees Health and Well-Being Project: assessing the mental, physical, and emotional health of the wrongfully convicted PPT

1.  Terry Bunn,
   University of Kentucky, USA
   Overlay of public safety and public health drug burden data to inform prevention and safety interventions PPT
2. Peter Kim,
   Pivot Legal Society, Canada
   Policing the crisis: the impacts of local policing practices on harm reduction and overdose prevention efforts in British Columbia 
3. Chris Carriere,
   Metis Nation of Alberta, Canada
   Culturally-Appropriate Harm Reduction: The Métis Nation of Alberta’s (MNA) Opioid Crisis Management and Action Plan (O-CMAP) PPT
4. Kim Lan St-Pierre,
   Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
   Opioid overdose: increasing 911 calls through Good Samaritan Law to save lives PPT  
5. Jane Buxton,
   BC Centre for Disease Control, Canada
   Drug Overdose and Alert Partnership (DOAP): interpreting and sharing timely illicit drug information to reduce harms PPT
6. Katie Hail-Jares,
   Griffith University, Australia
   “I Thought He Was Sleeping:” Bystanders’ reasons for not calling emergency services following fatal overdoses PPT

1. Nick Jones
   University of Regina, Canada
   Understanding the effects of impaired driving in Saskatchewan: perspectives of victim’s family members PPT
2. Lyndel Bates,
3. Griffith University, Australia
   Improving road policing through the use of partnership policing PPT
4. Levi Anderson,
   Griffith University, Australia
   Educating Intentions: the impact of police-led driver education on young drivers PPT
5. James Nunn,
   Loughbrough University, UK
   Linking police collision data and hospital trauma patient data. Enabling comparison of culpable drivers from serious injury non-fatal collisions with those who cause fatal injuries PPT
6. Hayley McDonald,
   Monash University, Australia
   Infringements and crash risk: do sanctions for traffic offences have a deterrent effect? 
7. Milan Tucek,
   Charles University, Czech Republic
   Medical fitness and drug use: railroad safety standards PPT

Each presentation or activity will be of 45 minutes duration. Marketplace of Ideas sessions will be smaller groups and should be highly interactive. MoI sessions are not the place for lengthy oral presentations but are opportunities to explore a particular issue or project in more depth.

A significant proportion of nuisance and misdemeanors involves vulnerable citizens with complex health and social problems. Amsterdam developed the joined-up ‘chain’ approach in response to this situation based on collaboration between the police, the municipality (e.g. the public health service, public order and safety, and social services), mental health care welfare/shelter organisations and others. The underlying principle is that law enforcement and (social) care services have common goals, which can only be achieved by an integrated approach.

Police officers can be important allies in efforts to improve women’s access to safe abortion care. Ipas has worked with police since 2009, and in a published manual, A Practical Guide for Partnering Police to Improve Abortion Access, shares lessons and guidance based in that experience. Even in countries where abortion is legal, a women’s ability to get an abortion may depend on the response of the police. Preliminary results of a study in Nigeria show that through sustained partnerships police can be an important partner in creating an enabling environment for improved services.

Checkpoint is a voluntary multi-agency adult offender intervention programme offered in the Durham Constabulary (UK) judicial area. It was agreed by the statutory criminal justice partners and driven by both police and public health to change our approach to dealing with offenders. It is designed to reduce offending and also improve the wellbeing and life chances of the vulnerable population. Checkpoint offers eligible offenders a 4 month contract as an alternative to usual prosecution and supports them with a specialist navigator.

The future success of policing agencies will be based upon how effectively they can work collaboratively with multi-sectoral teams to provide individuals access to the right combination of services, treatments, and supports, when and where people need them.  The genesis for the development of the Community Wellness and Public Safety Alliance in Winnipeg was to figure out how the police service and health and other social care services can work together to improve people’s health and well-being, reduce crime and protect the most vulnerable people in Winnipeg.  By utilizing a collective impact approach the Alliance has created a solution to address public intoxication that focuses on how together, public safety and health partners can drive innovation through collaboration through system thinking and transformative leadership.

For vulnerable populations, for behavioural issues with underlying health and social welfare causes, for non-violent victimless offences, incarceration is increasingly recognised as exacerbating the antecedent conditions. But what can be put in its place?

(3.30-5.15pm)

Increasingly complex issues, and increasing recognition of the complexity of issues facing the law enforcement and the public health sectors require examination of identity and increased self-awareness among police and other sectors, intersectoral collaboration, planning and education.

(3.30-5.15pm)

No field is as conflicted as that of illicit drugs, with ideology pitted against evidence. Policing has been shown to be able to both ameliorate and exacerbate associated harms.

Nowhere is the confluence of impaired access to health care and increased involvement with the criminal justice system more marked than among marginalised communities – especially indigenous communities.

1. Paul Simpson,
   University of New South Wales, Australia
   Views of senior and influential Australian policy stakeholders on justice system reform towards incarceration alternatives that address the health and social determinants of crime
2. Barry Goetz,
   Western Michigan University, USA
   A new era of pre-arrest/booking interventions for drug users?
3. Dan Jones,
   Huddersfield University, UK
   The Victimization and Predation Cycle as an opportunity to work towards desistance from crime
4. Sarah Abbott,
   Advocates, USA
   The Advocates Co-responder Pre-arrest Jail Diversion Program Model: pathways to replication and evidence based practice

5. Michael Gropman,
   Brookline Police Department, USA
   Structured decision making for objective detention decisions of juveniles

1. Jamie Clover,
   Edmonton Police Service & MacEwan University, Canada
   The future brand of policing in Canada: considering the impact on institutional identity, public expectations and genuine collaboration.
2. Richard  Bent,
   Simon Fraser University, Canada
   Exploring the reality of contemporary policing responsibilities and whether context matters.
3. Denise  Martin,
   Scottish Institute of Police Research/University of the West of Scotland
   Changing the rules of the game: from crime focused to prevention focused: An essential new model for policing.
4. Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron,
   Tasmanian Institute of Law Enforcement  Studies, University of Tasmania, Australia
   Law Enforcement and Public Health in Tasmania: is Collective Impact a viable pathway for collaboration? Results from a state-wide consultation
5. Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron,
   (see above)
   Should we teach police officers about public health ? Sorry, that’s the wrong question to ask.
6. Dawn Rault,
   University of Calgary, Canada
   Towards recognizing officers who enforce animal laws as professionals in public health. Risks and rewards of working in a medico-legal borderland.

1. Wamala Twaibu Lotic,
   Ugandan Harm Reduction Network
   Effectiveness of Support Don’t Punish Campaigns in engaging law enforcement officers and other stakeholders to embrace harm reduction in Uganda
2. Christopher Baguma,
   Ugandan Harm Reduction Network    Wamala Twaibu
   Law enforcement officers embracing and taking lead during the Support Don’t Punish Campaign
3. Wamala Twaibu Lotic,
   Ugandan Harm Reduction Network
   Soft Skills Advocacy: A tale of how law enforcement officers champion issues of drug users In Uganda
4. Yan Win Soe,
   Alliance Myanmar
   Legal Environment for the HIV affected Key Populations in Myanmar
5. Carol Strike,
   University of Toronto, Canada
   What’s going on in the supervised injection services? Police need for more harm reduction training
6. Greg Denham,
   Yarra Drug and Health Forum, Australia
   Collaborative action toward establishing a Supervised Injecting Facility in Melbourne, Australia: a case study
7. Marie Peoples
   Coconino County, USA
   Medical marijuana edible voluntary recall in Arizona

1. Jonas Hansson,
   Umeå University, Sweden
   Community police interventions to strengthen social capital in socially deprived areas: a scientific clarification of Mareld investigation
2. Adam Vaughan,
   Simon Fraser University, Canada
   Location quotients and social disorganization: a spatial analysis of mental health calls to police services in Canada
3. Sharon Paten,
   Victoria Police, Australia
   Intervening early to ensure first contact is the last: innovative approaches to reduce Aboriginal over-representation in the criminal justice system
4. Jason  Fenno,
   Trent University, Canada
   Could Indigenous Criminology improve current Public Health model of policing programs for Indigenous Peoples
5. Paul Simpson,
   University of New South Wales, Australia
   Examining primary health care access for Indigenous people in the Australian justice system using geospatial and qualitative analyses

Each presentation or activity will be of 45 minutes duration. Marketplace of Ideas sessions will be smaller groups and should be highly interactive. MoI sessions are not the place for lengthy oral presentations but are opportunities to explore a particular issue or project in more depth.

It is relatively arbitrary for confused people who have offended which pillar – justice or care – the person ends up in. A dangerous person who needs care can end up on the street without assistance. Following the murder of an ex-public health minister in The Netherlands this problem was examined by a special committee that highlighted that the Public Prosecution and emergency psychiatry did not consult each other. In a pilot project 120 confused people were investigated by justice and health care within hours of arrest and safety and care needs were assessed. Relatively few people were compulsorily admitted.

Leah Dunbar, Michael Garron Hospital, Canada 

Mike Federico, Toronto Police Service (Ret), Canada

Linda Young, Michael Garron Hospital, Canada

Maryann O’Hearne, North York General Hospital, Canada

Mobile Crisis Intervention Teams (MCIT) are a partnership between six hospitals and 17 Police Services in Toronto. Each team comprises police and nurse co-responders. Together they assess a situation with an individual experiencing a mental health crisis, de-escalate it and intervene to support a client’s safety. Three evaluations will be examined as well as challenges including police and public health system cultural differences, variation in awareness and commitment to the program, role clarity and training needs.

SPEAKERS:

Suzanne Stewart, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Canada

Clayton Shirt, Indigenous knowledge keeper, Canada

The legacy of colonisation has created conditions of discrimination and fuelled mistrust between Indigenous peoples and Canada’s social, legal and health institutions. In the wake of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission calling for healing, allyship and nation-building, opportunities for building productive relationships and constructive dialogue led by and with Indigenous peoples are essential. This session will critically reflect on these challenges, lessons learned and evoke some of the necessarily principles that must guide new ways of collaborating with Indigenous peoples.

• Cal Corley, Community Safety Knowledge Alliance, Canada

SPEAKERS:

• Geraldine Strathdee
  National Health Service, UK
  Population health and mental health in England: using policy, intelligence and partnerships to improve prevention, lives, outcomes and optimise the public spend PPT
• Kofi N Barnes
  Judge, Ontario Superior Court of Justice, Canada
  Where Justice and Treatment meet
• Richard Southby
  Professor of Global Health at George Washington University, USA & University of Melbourne, Australia
  Law enforcement and public health: challenges and opportunities in educating law enforcement officers PPT

Core barriers identified in criminal justice, law enforcement and public health literatures is the divide between occupations, such as working in silos, professional misperceptions and demands for resources. These all serve to impede effective practice and innovation.  One way to achieve this is to effectively develop ways of learning and working together. Panel members will draw on their own experience of training and education in the field of criminal justice and public health and discuss how to overcome barriers and improve training and education for practitioners in both fields. Note: This session is intended to provide opportunities to  establish a network of interested parties in developing a Special Interest Group of the Global Law Enforcement and Public Health Association focusing on education and training.

Community policing is promoted as an alternative policing strategy to more effectively identify and address safety needs of community members, include community members as co-producers of public safety, and to enhance police and community relationships. It has often been at the expense of, or exclusion of marginalized populations, especially people who use drugs, who may not be deemed as rightful members of the community or as the source of threat to community safety. This session will address these issues based on an innovative effort underway in three localities in Ukraine supported by the Open Society Foundations.

Discover little known scientific strategies for resiliency and mental health.

Experts from Canada, the United States, the Netherlands, and New Zealand discuss the current evidence behind officer resilience, coping models, police performance, and the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder.

1. Denise Martin,
   SIPR & UWS, Scotland (see above)
   ‘Looking outwards’ to ‘Look inwards’: What can we achieve when we recognise the experience of others? 
2. Inga Heyman,
   Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland
   Lessons from the classroom: the trials and triumphs
3. Richard Southby,
   George Washington University, USA
   The University and the Police Academy: a new relationship’
4. Nicholas Thomson,
   University of Melbourne, Australia
   Shared learning for shared outcomes: cross sector teaching at the intersection
5. Flora I. Matheson,
   St. Michael’s Hospital & Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Canada
   Catherine Wiseman-Hakes,
   University of Toronto, Canada
   Correcting miscommunication: head injury among criminal justice populations
6. James Clover,
   Edmonton Police, Canada
   ‘What did I just hear?’ Reflections on learning and education: a practitioner’s perspective

1. Marc Krupanski,
   Open Society Foundations, USA
   Community policing and vulnerable populations – lessons from Ukraine
2. Vikotriya Loza,
   Representative of community policing initiative in Poltava, Ukraine
   The community policing initiative in Poltava, Ukraine: partnership between local police department and the NGO Light of Hope
3. Evgeniya Kuvshinova,
   Representative of community policing initiative in Kiev, Ukraine
   The community policing and harm reduction initiative launched in Kiev, Ukraine in partnership with NGO Convictus
4. Andrii Busan,  &
   Representative of community policing initiative in Sumy, Ukraine
   The community policing and harm reduction initiative launched in Sumy, Ukraine in partnership with NGO Legal and Social Studies Studio
5. Yurii Bielousov,
   Expert Center on Human Rights
   Efforts of Expert Center on Human Rights to provide technical assistance support to various local community policing and harm reduction initiatives

1. Yasmeen Krameddine,
   University of Alberta, Canada
   Increasing officer mental health for the long haul: introducing an innovative and customizable online mental health and PTSD prevention training tool  PPT
2. Teun-Pieter de Snoo,
   Politie Academie, The Netherlands
   What are the underlying mechanisms of resilience? New approaches for an old challenge PPT
3. Ian de Terte,
   Massey University, New Zealand
   Psychological resilience: a model and treatment manual based on scientific evidence PPT
4. Eamonn Arble,
   Eastern Michigan University
   Models of First Responder coping: police as a unique population PPT
5. Wendy Dorrestijn,
   Politie Academie, The Netherlands
   Beyond the split second

Health states are intimately related to socioeconomic status, which itself relates to the major direct and indirect determinants of health (e.g. inequality in access to and quality of education, income inequality and occupational environment). Access to justice, and outcomes of involvement with the criminal justice system, are also intimately related to socioeconomic status and class – but overwhelmingly, it is racial disparities that are the most unequal and create the most unequal outcomes.

Police coming into contact with those in mental health distress has attracted extensive interest in Scotland recently. This session will discuss how partners across policy, practice and academia have been working together to ensure that this area of activity is strongly grounded in evidence. This panel will present how partners across policy, practice and academia have been working together to ensure that this area of increased policy and practice activity is strongly grounded in evidence. This panel will provide an overview of the changing landscape, barriers and facilitators to delivering policing and mental health responses in Scotland. This is supported by insights of the historical context of
partnership working and developments of collaboration for Police Scotland and Health Services.

When it comes to drug use, harm reduction services and police have different responsibilities and yet they can and should work closely together.  In this session we will reflect on two examples of good practise from Dublin and Vancouver.  The panel will also discuss barriers to harm reduction services and police working together and offer practical strategies to overcome these barriers.

1. Annette Bailey,
   Ryerson University, Canada
   Trauma, racialized youth, and gun violence: creating a culture of peace
2. Jennifer Reingle Gonzalez, University of Texas, USA
   Race/ethnicity composition of law enforcement officers and civilians in officer-related shootings: 20 years of evidence from a large urban metropolitan law enforcement agency
3. Jim Parsons,
   Vera Institute of Justice, USA
   Race and mass incarceration as a social determinant of health

SPEAKERS:

1. John Hawkins,
   Police Scotland
   Delivering policing and mental health responses in Scotland: the changes and the challenges within local policing
2. Orlando Heijmer-Mason,
   Scottish Government Health and Justice Collaboration
   Health and justice: the central Government response
3. Richard Whetton,
   Police Scotland
   Police and health: the challenges and opportunities of partnership working in Scotland.
4. Nadine Dougall,
   Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland
   Understanding the assessment of vulnerability: a scoping review
5. Brian Williams,
   Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland
   Constructing sustainable and effective multi-agency research collaborations: reflections, lessons and suggestions
6. Inga Heyman,
   Scottish Institute of Police Research/Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland
   Identifying LEPH research priorities in Scotland

1. Tony Duffin,
   Ana Liffey Drug Project, Ireland
   Jack Nolan,
   Garda Assistant Commissioner (Ret), Ireland
   Dublin’s Assertive Case Management Team – an example of Harm Reduction and Policing Services working together
2. Trevor Herrmann,
   Vancouver Police Department, Canada
   People who use a Supervised Injecting Facility – a policing perspective
3. General Vu Cong Dung,
   Major General, People’s Police Force, Vietnam
   Vietnamese police with people living with HIV and people who use drugs – from punishment to support.

Maurizio Barbeschi, Health Security Interface Function, World Health Organization

In recent years, the world has seen an ever-increasing rise in the risks posed by the potential of an epidemic event that could cause large scale devastation, death, economic, and political instability on an international level. The amplification of the risks posed by a natural outbreak have been paralleled by the amplification of risks posed by a potential biological agent. To address these risks, an increasingly multi-disciplinary, multi-level and multi-sectoral work plan is needed. The WHO World Health Emergencies Program, begun in 2017 with funding from Global Affairs Canada, initiated the Health and Security Interface (HSI) project, “(applying) to those public health activities whose performance involve to some extent the security sector broadly understood (law enforcement, police, national armies, ministries of defence, military doctors, international and non-governmental organizations with a security relevant mandate)”. This project and its place within the wider work of WHO will be explored by Dr Barbeschi.

Ryan Sneath, Winnipeg Fire Paramedic Service, Canada

Emergency response services can no longer afford to respond in an episodic fashion to calls for service; this is neither economically sustainable nor feasible given the current resource capacity and demand for service delivery. First response agencies should be focusing on early assessment and identification of symptoms that may lead to further deterioration, and addressing those identified concerns in a proactive way. The success of this approach has been demonstrated by the Emergency Paramedics In the Community (EPIC) program. This program has focused on early identification of concerns, and utilizing the unique role of paramedics in the community to work collaboratively with other health and social service agencies to promote health and prevent illness/injury before emergency crisis occurs.  This program has been able to demonstrated significant reduction on the reliance of emergency services in Winnipeg.

Both legal/law enforcement and public health/health care systems often struggle with issues of sexuality and sexual diversity, reflecting societies which themselves have difficulty accommodating difference. Police and the law have major roles to play in changing this.

This session provides a further examination of the impact of occupational demands and pressures on police and other first responders and ways to address them, reactively and proactively.

This session continues to address the legal and law enforcement contributions to preventing opioid overdose, ameliorating impact and saving lives: so much to do, so much can be done.

No field is as conflicted as that of illicit drugs, with ideology pitted against evidence. Policing has been shown to be able to both ameliorate and exacerbate associated harm.

Gender, age, poverty, social class, culture – all interact to create vulnerabilities which provoke contact with and need for health and legal responses. How do we get it right?

1. Maurice Tomlinson,
   Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network
   Policing LGBTQI communities and public health: the case for LGBTQI sensitivity training

2. Alex Workman,
   Western Sydney University, Australia
   Are Australian perspectives on Intimate Partner Violence LGBTIQ inclusive

3. Nazirah Hassan,
   National University of Malaysia
   For the sake of survival: sexuality among incarcerated young people

1. Amrit Purba,
   Public Health England
   Organisational stressors and police officer mental wellbeing: a systematic review 
2. Evangelia Demou,
   University of Glasgow, Scotland
   Mental health and wellbeing needs of the Scottish Police workforce
3. Patricia Griffin,
   Holy Family University, USA
   Rapid assessment of alcohol and substance use in the Kenyan National Police Force
4. Lynda Crowley-Cyr
   University of Southern Queensland, Australia
   What effect is Australia’s worsening state of public sector corruption having on the mental health of law enforcement and first responders in Australia?

1. Evan Anderson,
   University of Pennsylvania, USA
   Criminal justice contact prior to fatal overdose: identifying opportunities for intervention
2. Jane Buxton,
   BC Centre for Disease Control, Canada
   Assessing policies and legislation to reduce client concerns of police attendance and encourage calling 9-1-1 during an overdose event  
3. Mina Park,
   BC Centre for Disease Control, Canada
   A scoping review to identify the potential impact of different legal approaches on the opioid crisis
4. Richard Elliott,
   Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network
   Saving Lives through Law: popularizing legislation that removes a barrier to emergency response services in the event of an overdose
5. Jane Buxton,
   BC Centre for Disease Control, Canada
   Evaluating the implementation of take home naloxone for persons being released from prison
6. Marcus Lem
   BC Centre for Disease Control, Canada
   Serving and protecting in the Fentanyl crisis: assessing and communicating evidence-based occupational exposure risks to law enforcement and health care workers

1. David Grandy,
   Oregon Health and Science University, USA
   The Epidemiological Criminology of methamphetamine
2. Sharlene Kaye,
   Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Australia
   Crystal methamphetamine use among juvenile detainees: findings from the 2015 Young People in Custody Health Survey.
3. Neil Woods,
   Law Enforcement Action Partnership, USA.
   Innovation in drugs investigations lead to an increased vulnerability in marginalised people
4. Ernest Drucker
   New York University, USA
   The role of police in gaining political acceptance of local harm reduction programs

1. Matty de Witt,
   Public Health Amsterdam
   The Self Sufficiency Matrix – Dutch version (SSM-D): a tool for screening, monitoring and evaluation in the domain of public health and law enforcement
2. Simon St. Emmanuel,
   Adekunie Ajasin University, Nigeria
   An examination of the issues and challenges of the rights of female internally displaced persons in Nigeria
3. Hamed Elneel Maryoud,
   Dubai Health Authority
   Role of law in enhancing the abandonment of Female Genital Mutilation /circumcision in Sudan

Each presentation or activity will be of 45 minutes duration. Marketplace of Ideas sessions will be smaller groups and should be highly interactive. MoI sessions are not the place for lengthy oral presentations but are opportunities to explore a particular issue or project in more depth.

This interactive session is a follow-up to the Major Session M11 on community policing initiatives in Ukraine that focused on vulnerable populations, namely people who use drugs. This session will allow time for participants to ask specific questions of the panel of M11 speakers, and for these panelists to delve further into their respective initiatives. Issues include engaging broader community participation, identifying and promoting safety concerns of people who use drugs, sequencing of activities and the nexus between community safety and health concerns.

HealthIM is a secure communication platform designed to improve collaboration between police and their community partners during mental health crisis calls. The system is structured around an interRAI Brief Mental Health Screener and is currently used in thirteen communities across Canada. HealthIM provides a range of supports and information to police, hospitals, mental health agencies and mobile crisis teams. Results of implementation of HealthIM include a consistent drop of 20 – 30% in involuntary admission rates.

Ballroom East

CHAIR: Nick Crofts